Researchers used rat paw-incision and formalin-induced pain models with randomized comparison groups.
What the researchers measured
Mechanical withdrawal thresholds after incision and flinching during early and late phases of the formalin test were recorded.
How to read this evidence
Researchers studied cells, isolated tissue, or animals. These experiments can help explain a mechanism, but do not establish benefits or safety in people. Human cells grown in a laboratory also belong in this category.
Results in context
Responses improved in some early assessments, but not the later formalin phase. The result should not be presented as sustained or general pain relief.
What this does not establish
Brief experimental pain responses do not demonstrate durable clinical analgesia or treatment safety.
Publication & source
Why this paper is included
The compound is a named subject of the publication title.
Publication indexing
Journal Article
Source checked
October 4, 2026. Years follow journal issues; online-first dates may differ.